һʱ ˮͳīֵдͨ
īȻƲںħʬħԼ֮Ѫˮ ɵˮд īһʱ ͨϵҲǴ ܿ Զѵ
ٹʱ䣬ˮֵܶ˱Ҫʽ̤յԶ
ʱ˿̵ˮֵܶ Լ ûݻĹϢ ѾʼµԪӤʿǣ ۼ ȴԶĿʼ
Ȼڴ֮ǰ ǻȥݼһλǿߡ
ʱԶʱ ǿټˣ˴βԶλͳ ǿߵһټıˮ
ʱˮڹ֮УޱȹǰˮȻǰٹ˵ǿʿ ܲ
ܲˮĴ ˵ : ~ л˵ ı㿴ŷ ֻҪܰȵԶô һǰ ӰԶ
ˮ˻ǰ֮ ֻҪжı Լ̰ܿī ǰDzӰԶ 轫һֱıµԪӤǿߣȥǸīǸ~ҽн
ʱֻܲһ һöĴ䣬䵽ˮǰ ˮ˫ֽӹ ˵ : ʹ
˵գˮ˳
ܲˮȥıӰ۾иֳһ˿ɵ ܲõͲŵ : Ҳ֪ٹǺ ܷ
δ֪ ׳ɹҪôѷϽ ҪôѾֻˣҵҲˣ֮ˣ~
ˮ īԼɸˮָӵһڶԪӤǿ æΧ
īȻ ԥ ˵ : ʲôҿ
ǿߣˮĹϵ ϸ˵¼ϵ ȻֻǾнĿ£ȴˮַǰԶʿı
ʱˮԳī˵ : ǰڵﴫȥ ȥ
ī һ࣬ȥƽյɢ⡢ңͬʱΧԪӤǿߣҲǼæÿһ· ī˳ÿĵ·æ뵽֮
ʱˮԱDzԼ²ԶĶԪӤǿ˵ : λ˵˶ ̫ǰµı ǻط
ܿʮλԪӤǿߣˮȥ ӵȻĿһ ȴŻʿټ
ܿˮ걦˷ īҲܿõı˳
ʱˮī īյˮĴ ҲܿԼһͬԶǿǰȥԶз䱦
Զǰȡ䱦˲ һŶ ʱλԪӤеǿߣʮλٹԪӤǿߣͬʱֱǰȥٹΪеĸԶ
ȻԶٹ˵ij ͵ٽӶΪԶʿǽʡʱ
ˮDzǰȥԶĵطܽ˫ս»ݱʥ֮ ˮһ˱Dz˴ ˮҪ Ͼ˴ˮ ˵ָƣҲ֪һ
ڳīDZɵʮѩɽ ʮѩɽˮͳīֵܶ þסĵط ȻDZȽ˽ īˮĽ Ȼѡǰȥʮѩɽ
ʮѩɽʥ֮ٽ ͼ̫ ˮֵܶȻܵһʱ估ʱ֧ԮԼֵ ҲñȽϽ ͼһ ֮ûиһĹŵ
ˮֵܶǿ Զ֮أԼȪ ÿDz֧ǰȥԶ
ȻȻDZȥԼϼһȪ ϾȪӿָ ϤIJϤ ȥҲɺ
ʱǰȥԶ֧飬ǰȥ Դʡʱ䡭
ǰȥij ʮڲĽ ʶʮ ֻаٹ˵Ļ߲֪ ԶʿǣҲŵ֪ӵг ȻԤϵʹõ˴Զ½ijǴǰҲö֪
ЩĴ;룬ȻʮңԶ ԽԶʿ˲䴫ٹ ȻֱӽǴ͵Զĵص ҲԽǴͳһξ ʡʱ
ҿǵڰٹĴ ˷ пܷ
ʶЩʩ˼صͨӶžֵĿ Щֻǵ ֻܴһΣԻ
ӸϾͻϾ˵зʦ ЩĿ ųзѾЩ Ѿ ȴٹǿǴͶȥôӶչΧɱĿ
ȻֿԲߣ˵Ǽ ȻųõĿ
Զǿ ʱڻǰܲĴ һڱεɽ֮ ɽ ܿͿɢŵĴ Σվ֮
ۼԪӤʿվ֮ ʱ˵ : ףλ˲¡Ϊȼ塢 ٹ²֮ ܰٹ˺ǧ ȷṦΰ
˵գ֮ܲʩչͨ ˴Ͷȥ
ͬʱ Ĺȵصһصĺ ͻȻըһ ͬʱʮߵݹһ֮зɳ۶
ʮߵݹ ȻˮΪԶʮλǿ ʱڸ߿գˮհ
ʱˮȡͼɢӴʶһµͼϵݣ˵ : λ߸
ֻˮһ״ķз ʾڳ ڳԪӤǿ߽ԸܵϤʶһķз
ɸˮָӵʮλԪӤǿߣվ֮ Ȼɫ糣 ʶǶ֮ϵķͣĿ̽Ͼ˶ȵķзǰ Ҫ˵ⱦ DzǼٵ
Ȼˮǿֲʵ DZȻʵж
·ʮλԪӤǿߣ̸֮Уˮ̽ⷨ ˮȻǺ һʴ Ը
· ˮЩǿǵദʮֵǢ ˮȡIJԾDZ еDZڷ ӶԶľĿ
ˮһﶥԪӤǿͻȻDZ뵽˽һ֮ ôɵƻDzɹ
һº ˮƾűȼ绯ʿķ ˳ѸٵԽ ʥ֮ĹŵصĽ֮ ϢDZ
ºʥ֮أ¤ңʱˮһDZ¤ң֮ ˮµԪӤǿ˵ : ǴеĵһĿĵؾǴ˴ ¤ңʥ֮ ΪǵǰߴṩͽʿĻ Լ죬ͬʱǰ衢ݵҪְ شDZңǵĺijԱ ôȻܻǰٹǰս£ǵĵһս ֻɹ ʧܣ
ˮµԪӤʿ ϤصĵͷʾԼף˴սҪ ֻˮ˵ : ˡijһ ¤ңȻǷأұȻԪӤǿ ʹӵоʵҲ
ʱңԪӤǿߵıչڵ ֮ǧյԼҽΣı ͻȻ˶ʮյ
ҲζԼҽڵĺ жʮλڸոһ˲ ظ
¤ҵĻȻıƳǿǰ ˵˿ûκ
Ȼ¤ҵԪӤǿӦ һֲıը ˲쳹¤ҵĸ ¤ҵԪӤ棬̷ɶݶ̽ Ȼɳһ˲ ˲ʮλͬǿߵΧ
ûü˵ ˲䱻 ԪӤʩչӶݣ˲ɥͨըĻ֮ ʱˮûԳ֣ɳ ¤ҵԪӤʮλԪӤǿߵΧ֮
ʱˮҲû Լı֮һǬ ͷų ɵ¾¤ҵĺС
ҽ֮˷ 쳹žҹա
ʱٹ˵ԪӤǿǣˮһ˱¾¤ңųϵĺ ˿û¶κθ ɢʶѰ¤ҵIJر֮ϾӴļ帹֮вرؿҲΪ
ܿ ˱ҵũҵIJرؿ
ˮȻҲ˴ ֱһ
Ȼʱӵо¤ҵIJرؿ⣬׳ ֻ꼰ܿеı
ʱˮ ǰIJرؿ ȻһЦ˵ : λ ijаȴ˴ķɷҶ
һЦ ȻӦˮ
ʱˮҲٷϻ ֻˮʩչħ еۻͨ һηڵŨīڽͣˮиֶ˲ǰػرؿ
ܿת㱻ˮۻ Ӷת ͨڲƱ߽
˿ŷͨˮƽ ¶ڴЦ ȴһ˼̤뱦ȡʮֶصĵȴˮȡ ˵Ƕ ȷ˵Ǿηǿ
ʱˮʮȻȽ뱦 ·ǻص˼ ˮֵʮȻ ʵʶһֱڼ鱦Ƿ ˸ˮ dzڶغ;η ʵͬҲˮ̤յ뷨
ˮʶǿ ̽˱в ˮѡһЩ Ȼ ȴûκη֮
ܿʣı㱻˺ķ һս ˿˵ջ ϾһIJرؿô˹Ϸ 벻
ȶСĿ꣬1סskjvvx;ֻĶַskjvvx
īȻƲںħʬħԼ֮Ѫˮ ɵˮд īһʱ ͨϵҲǴ ܿ Զѵ
ٹʱ䣬ˮֵܶ˱Ҫʽ̤յԶ
ʱ˿̵ˮֵܶ Լ ûݻĹϢ ѾʼµԪӤʿǣ ۼ ȴԶĿʼ
Ȼڴ֮ǰ ǻȥݼһλǿߡ
ʱԶʱ ǿټˣ˴βԶλͳ ǿߵһټıˮ
ʱˮڹ֮УޱȹǰˮȻǰٹ˵ǿʿ ܲ
ܲˮĴ ˵ : ~ л˵ ı㿴ŷ ֻҪܰȵԶô һǰ ӰԶ
ˮ˻ǰ֮ ֻҪжı Լ̰ܿī ǰDzӰԶ 轫һֱıµԪӤǿߣȥǸīǸ~ҽн
ʱֻܲһ һöĴ䣬䵽ˮǰ ˮ˫ֽӹ ˵ : ʹ
˵գˮ˳
ܲˮȥıӰ۾иֳһ˿ɵ ܲõͲŵ : Ҳ֪ٹǺ ܷ
δ֪ ׳ɹҪôѷϽ ҪôѾֻˣҵҲˣ֮ˣ~
ˮ īԼɸˮָӵһڶԪӤǿ æΧ
īȻ ԥ ˵ : ʲôҿ
ǿߣˮĹϵ ϸ˵¼ϵ ȻֻǾнĿ£ȴˮַǰԶʿı
ʱˮԳī˵ : ǰڵﴫȥ ȥ
ī һ࣬ȥƽյɢ⡢ңͬʱΧԪӤǿߣҲǼæÿһ· ī˳ÿĵ·æ뵽֮
ʱˮԱDzԼ²ԶĶԪӤǿ˵ : λ˵˶ ̫ǰµı ǻط
ܿʮλԪӤǿߣˮȥ ӵȻĿһ ȴŻʿټ
ܿˮ걦˷ īҲܿõı˳
ʱˮī īյˮĴ ҲܿԼһͬԶǿǰȥԶз䱦
Զǰȡ䱦˲ һŶ ʱλԪӤеǿߣʮλٹԪӤǿߣͬʱֱǰȥٹΪеĸԶ
ȻԶٹ˵ij ͵ٽӶΪԶʿǽʡʱ
ˮDzǰȥԶĵطܽ˫ս»ݱʥ֮ ˮһ˱Dz˴ ˮҪ Ͼ˴ˮ ˵ָƣҲ֪һ
ڳīDZɵʮѩɽ ʮѩɽˮͳīֵܶ þסĵط ȻDZȽ˽ īˮĽ Ȼѡǰȥʮѩɽ
ʮѩɽʥ֮ٽ ͼ̫ ˮֵܶȻܵһʱ估ʱ֧ԮԼֵ ҲñȽϽ ͼһ ֮ûиһĹŵ
ˮֵܶǿ Զ֮أԼȪ ÿDz֧ǰȥԶ
ȻȻDZȥԼϼһȪ ϾȪӿָ ϤIJϤ ȥҲɺ
ʱǰȥԶ֧飬ǰȥ Դʡʱ䡭
ǰȥij ʮڲĽ ʶʮ ֻаٹ˵Ļ߲֪ ԶʿǣҲŵ֪ӵг ȻԤϵʹõ˴Զ½ijǴǰҲö֪
ЩĴ;룬ȻʮңԶ ԽԶʿ˲䴫ٹ ȻֱӽǴ͵Զĵص ҲԽǴͳһξ ʡʱ
ҿǵڰٹĴ ˷ пܷ
ʶЩʩ˼صͨӶžֵĿ Щֻǵ ֻܴһΣԻ
ӸϾͻϾ˵зʦ ЩĿ ųзѾЩ Ѿ ȴٹǿǴͶȥôӶչΧɱĿ
ȻֿԲߣ˵Ǽ ȻųõĿ
Զǿ ʱڻǰܲĴ һڱεɽ֮ ɽ ܿͿɢŵĴ Σվ֮
ۼԪӤʿվ֮ ʱ˵ : ףλ˲¡Ϊȼ塢 ٹ²֮ ܰٹ˺ǧ ȷṦΰ
˵գ֮ܲʩչͨ ˴Ͷȥ
ͬʱ Ĺȵصһصĺ ͻȻըһ ͬʱʮߵݹһ֮зɳ۶
ʮߵݹ ȻˮΪԶʮλǿ ʱڸ߿գˮհ
ʱˮȡͼɢӴʶһµͼϵݣ˵ : λ߸
ֻˮһ״ķз ʾڳ ڳԪӤǿ߽ԸܵϤʶһķз
ɸˮָӵʮλԪӤǿߣվ֮ Ȼɫ糣 ʶǶ֮ϵķͣĿ̽Ͼ˶ȵķзǰ Ҫ˵ⱦ DzǼٵ
Ȼˮǿֲʵ DZȻʵж
·ʮλԪӤǿߣ̸֮Уˮ̽ⷨ ˮȻǺ һʴ Ը
· ˮЩǿǵദʮֵǢ ˮȡIJԾDZ еDZڷ ӶԶľĿ
ˮһﶥԪӤǿͻȻDZ뵽˽һ֮ ôɵƻDzɹ
һº ˮƾűȼ绯ʿķ ˳ѸٵԽ ʥ֮ĹŵصĽ֮ ϢDZ
ºʥ֮أ¤ңʱˮһDZ¤ң֮ ˮµԪӤǿ˵ : ǴеĵһĿĵؾǴ˴ ¤ңʥ֮ ΪǵǰߴṩͽʿĻ Լ죬ͬʱǰ衢ݵҪְ شDZңǵĺijԱ ôȻܻǰٹǰս£ǵĵһս ֻɹ ʧܣ
ˮµԪӤʿ ϤصĵͷʾԼף˴սҪ ֻˮ˵ : ˡijһ ¤ңȻǷأұȻԪӤǿ ʹӵоʵҲ
ʱңԪӤǿߵıչڵ ֮ǧյԼҽΣı ͻȻ˶ʮյ
ҲζԼҽڵĺ жʮλڸոһ˲ ظ
¤ҵĻȻıƳǿǰ ˵˿ûκ
Ȼ¤ҵԪӤǿӦ һֲıը ˲쳹¤ҵĸ ¤ҵԪӤ棬̷ɶݶ̽ Ȼɳһ˲ ˲ʮλͬǿߵΧ
ûü˵ ˲䱻 ԪӤʩչӶݣ˲ɥͨըĻ֮ ʱˮûԳ֣ɳ ¤ҵԪӤʮλԪӤǿߵΧ֮
ʱˮҲû Լı֮һǬ ͷų ɵ¾¤ҵĺС
ҽ֮˷ 쳹žҹա
ʱٹ˵ԪӤǿǣˮһ˱¾¤ңųϵĺ ˿û¶κθ ɢʶѰ¤ҵIJر֮ϾӴļ帹֮вرؿҲΪ
ܿ ˱ҵũҵIJرؿ
ˮȻҲ˴ ֱһ
Ȼʱӵо¤ҵIJرؿ⣬׳ ֻ꼰ܿеı
ʱˮ ǰIJرؿ ȻһЦ˵ : λ ijаȴ˴ķɷҶ
һЦ ȻӦˮ
ʱˮҲٷϻ ֻˮʩչħ еۻͨ һηڵŨīڽͣˮиֶ˲ǰػرؿ
ܿת㱻ˮۻ Ӷת ͨڲƱ߽
˿ŷͨˮƽ ¶ڴЦ ȴһ˼̤뱦ȡʮֶصĵȴˮȡ ˵Ƕ ȷ˵Ǿηǿ
ʱˮʮȻȽ뱦 ·ǻص˼ ˮֵʮȻ ʵʶһֱڼ鱦Ƿ ˸ˮ dzڶغ;η ʵͬҲˮ̤յ뷨
ˮʶǿ ̽˱в ˮѡһЩ Ȼ ȴûκη֮
ܿʣı㱻˺ķ һս ˿˵ջ ϾһIJرؿô˹Ϸ 벻
ȶСĿ꣬1סskjvvx;ֻĶַskjvvx