ⳡҵĺս۶ĿҴҼӭսķ緫ӣвٷ̴롣
Զӵҷ緫սнͰҷ緫11緫սȫμӹڶѻƬսԱݵ֡
ΪǷԶ콢ţһ1855꽨սˮ1935֣ҲԶΨһս
ڶѻƬսڼ䣬μӹʹսж
λǡǹ֡ŷ緫սнý1848꽨Φ緫սˮ3600֣ڼװ壬װ122Żڡ
ڵǡŷ緫սнڼװ壬װ106ţˮ2344֣ͬΦ緫սн
ڷƷ緫սнĵײڼװϣװĶͳһ60ھڣˣڱڱȻҲѷɫ
ЩƷ緫սнϣ60ھڶװ˺ڵֻƴϺܹڲը״ڵͨʵĵǿ˺ܶࡣ
Ƿ緫ҡţѩţţţɢţţЪź͡ţˮ500ֵ800ֲȣװ2250ңھ30ڡ
ԭۿڣ֧еĽɱڵӭʻе˲ž֮Ũҵս
ƽĺ
֧ӭʻĽٶȶ죬Լңһսݶӣס
ڳ̩ɽεֱţϡţź͡š
Ƿ緫սнţţţӡţԼŷ緫սнʮҡͷ緫Ѳ
ڸİҷ緫У֮ãμӵҺսС
Щ˫Φ緫촬λСٿ죬۸һ·緫ԣָߵȼĺսУǾʹˡ
緫սнϵһ60Уشûǿɲġ
սʮһʱͷȶԾǸԽӵ캽
ˮߴ4863ֵġ̩ɽؽϣǰ1~4̨װ15Ӣ״ڣ810Ӣ縱ڴ֮ʣ뷨캽콢ͬʱ
ɲ֮
¡¡ܼӳһƬƬƬҺɫڶ
ͣ˸ȥľڿţӳ˺棬ͶԺȫһƼΪˡ
ԵһУ
ͷ·һôͷϡ
15Ӣ״ڷˣݵң
ЧҲر캽콢ڳһذļεĺȭĴ10ס
Žֱӱˣҷ緫бһߵĺ̲ȥڵѹƲס
ԴЩ
䡭ļDZըľţսڣӳŵȼĺڻҩصĶ˺
ը˦ʮˮ˵ںС
ھҵıը
ϱ۲֫˿УըõĴ壬ϺΦϵľ̺ɣХɨһƬˮڶ
˲أǽһƬļװʬ壬ѪƮơ
ŨҵɢȥЩսϲػ4ڴչǰĿġ
˵ܵķǺεȵIJҾ徣
漴һͷƤĶ400ڵըĺΦˣڲظкȻ£ҿˮ漤ʮߵˮˡ
ڽб̲dzΦˮУսʵѾһڻͱˡ
սʵľʷ緫սһӢףڼǿ
400صľڵҺ£Ȼ˺˷ըҩԲڵ봬бըǻиã
ˮʮףھҵıըУҲˡ
λġǹ֡ŷ緫սнϣĿһҾķٱȫ龪ֵļٿСɽһս̩ɽţʱëȻ
ϵѽԵĺ߰ɣ
ǰƤľƷ緫սԲʵڵΪʱǿþ⣬һ½
ҲѡΪԶ콢
ԺУ֡
һһڻֱӴУһ棬Ʋ˷
ϸ
̩ɽΪؽ죬ﵽⶼ磬6.5Ӣˡ
Ŵ60ݺ̩ɽźϣֻӡǣƲ˷
ȻڵͱĺѹΣˮУȼյҲϨˡ
ڿھСĻڣ˺ֵһᣬں˴ССıӣ˶ѡ
Ľ÷ٱƷ־ķΧ˲
ڡ̩ɽŻʻûжڵڶλġǹ֡ŷ緫սнڻǽ˺ʰ
15Ӣ״ˣصڵװٶȸˣ߰˷Ӳװһǰ4̨װϣôҲ10ӡ
10Ӣ縱ڵװٶҲ죬װþͲˡ
ǹ֡ŷ緫սнָӹҲûڣ֪Ҳûãװ˷ڵ
ڵλķŷ緫սнϹٱŵüԴʱȻмˮֱͨͨսˮС
䡭
䡭
ٴαǰҵսսļ룬쳹ؼ䣬ڶĴ̣˫սȫЮڣʲô
ֻٺɫ治ͣ˸ױеһ㣬Ũ˳źչĺ涼ȾɻҺɫš
һ̵ӣȫѪȺɱ¾ķΧ֡
ֻӾҰľһ㣬ƽĺϽԺ䣬ûһ˿ڣȭȭĻ˺
֣Եġŷ緫սнĩβ820ֵķ緫ⳡѪȶսУֻǸ۵Сɫ
Է緫սһ۸ŷ緫սн
40Ӻ緫ǰȫͣˡ
֣ŵͲԶǰʮսɱ¡¡ǹͺɱŨҵڸǣȫ巢ʲô
۶Ŀ⣬ܼҲġһӿʮǧϵľɱѾȫס
սϲȥǰս
ںٶȫͣͺһֵڻ˫սҪôںУҪôdzڰߣҪôһչ˸ӲпѪȵĽϰս
ͣЪһһǹźɱ͵ǹײһһĴ
ֹ˰Сʱ
ϵŨصƮɢ֣Բſһ˿ߡ
ʤˣǴʤ
ͷ5ؽ˺պսװ15Ӣ״ˣӽӵеһã˲ء
ġӺҷ緫սн˺ܺõֻҪûپˣڷ˴ĻϣһΡ
ͣ͵Ľӣ5ؽˮ
ΪⳡĺԾУ˼ķ緫ΦؽС
ڷͣ͵ʱȻܹһԡ
ȻٶɾҲԶ
ȥԺϱˮİһ𣬳ؽصĴװʿὢ嵽սļװչɱ
ǹͺɱһԵʡ
֣Ϊϲ
ʿѾռ˷ڶλġǹ֡ŷ緫սнսȻ˼ڴڴȻûܵ˺
һ1848꽨Φ緫սˮ3600֣ڼװ壬ž˹ٺʲˡ
ݵλͬˣټʹáŴЩݣҡǹ֡žǡǡá
Щ֣Բ⣬Ȼľʷ緫սˣʲô¶
ֻҪһ£Ȼһô
ϧս϶ˣΦ˶۶ˣļֵߣĺôǹš緫սнDz˷ѡ
ںҷơŷ緫սнҲǡ̩ɽŻصкĿ꣬۱ãȡսң֪ûļֵˣ
ЩУһDZ̩ɽŻصչ˵սһ۾ܿó
һѾ߳ˮеġţгˮУֻʣΦ˶˵ġţ϶ǡ̩ɽŷкĽĸҡ
̩ɽؼսһ֪ϧ׳̫ˣѱսƷȫˡ
֣õţʿռһһҷսϲɵ¶ơ˵ϲЦݡ
һۿȥ
мҴսϱȫװĻʿռ죬Ѿûʲôˡ
խĺӶûӡ
ٷڽ뱻15Ӣ״չ˵ķսһֺɥʧ˴ս
˱ֱըˮ֣εҲ١
͵ȫװĻˮƽϼװֿٶһЩֺʣµҲͶˡ
Ǻս
ûôױʱƵõķӣ͵
ս֣Աʾܿģ⣬ʵֿԴǿˡ
ȶСĿ꣬1סskjvvx;ֻĶַskjvvx
Զӵҷ緫սнͰҷ緫11緫սȫμӹڶѻƬսԱݵ֡
ΪǷԶ콢ţһ1855꽨սˮ1935֣ҲԶΨһս
ڶѻƬսڼ䣬μӹʹսж
λǡǹ֡ŷ緫սнý1848꽨Φ緫սˮ3600֣ڼװ壬װ122Żڡ
ڵǡŷ緫սнڼװ壬װ106ţˮ2344֣ͬΦ緫սн
ڷƷ緫սнĵײڼװϣװĶͳһ60ھڣˣڱڱȻҲѷɫ
ЩƷ緫սнϣ60ھڶװ˺ڵֻƴϺܹڲը״ڵͨʵĵǿ˺ܶࡣ
Ƿ緫ҡţѩţţţɢţţЪź͡ţˮ500ֵ800ֲȣװ2250ңھ30ڡ
ԭۿڣ֧еĽɱڵӭʻе˲ž֮Ũҵս
ƽĺ
֧ӭʻĽٶȶ죬Լңһսݶӣס
ڳ̩ɽεֱţϡţź͡š
Ƿ緫սнţţţӡţԼŷ緫սнʮҡͷ緫Ѳ
ڸİҷ緫У֮ãμӵҺսС
Щ˫Φ緫촬λСٿ죬۸һ·緫ԣָߵȼĺսУǾʹˡ
緫սнϵһ60Уشûǿɲġ
սʮһʱͷȶԾǸԽӵ캽
ˮߴ4863ֵġ̩ɽؽϣǰ1~4̨װ15Ӣ״ڣ810Ӣ縱ڴ֮ʣ뷨캽콢ͬʱ
ɲ֮
¡¡ܼӳһƬƬƬҺɫڶ
ͣ˸ȥľڿţӳ˺棬ͶԺȫһƼΪˡ
ԵһУ
ͷ·һôͷϡ
15Ӣ״ڷˣݵң
ЧҲر캽콢ڳһذļεĺȭĴ10ס
Žֱӱˣҷ緫бһߵĺ̲ȥڵѹƲס
ԴЩ
䡭ļDZըľţսڣӳŵȼĺڻҩصĶ˺
ը˦ʮˮ˵ںС
ھҵıը
ϱ۲֫˿УըõĴ壬ϺΦϵľ̺ɣХɨһƬˮڶ
˲أǽһƬļװʬ壬ѪƮơ
ŨҵɢȥЩսϲػ4ڴչǰĿġ
˵ܵķǺεȵIJҾ徣
漴һͷƤĶ400ڵըĺΦˣڲظкȻ£ҿˮ漤ʮߵˮˡ
ڽб̲dzΦˮУսʵѾһڻͱˡ
սʵľʷ緫սһӢףڼǿ
400صľڵҺ£Ȼ˺˷ըҩԲڵ봬бըǻиã
ˮʮףھҵıըУҲˡ
λġǹ֡ŷ緫սнϣĿһҾķٱȫ龪ֵļٿСɽһս̩ɽţʱëȻ
ϵѽԵĺ߰ɣ
ǰƤľƷ緫սԲʵڵΪʱǿþ⣬һ½
ҲѡΪԶ콢
ԺУ֡
һһڻֱӴУһ棬Ʋ˷
ϸ
̩ɽΪؽ죬ﵽⶼ磬6.5Ӣˡ
Ŵ60ݺ̩ɽźϣֻӡǣƲ˷
ȻڵͱĺѹΣˮУȼյҲϨˡ
ڿھСĻڣ˺ֵһᣬں˴ССıӣ˶ѡ
Ľ÷ٱƷ־ķΧ˲
ڡ̩ɽŻʻûжڵڶλġǹ֡ŷ緫սнڻǽ˺ʰ
15Ӣ״ˣصڵװٶȸˣ߰˷Ӳװһǰ4̨װϣôҲ10ӡ
10Ӣ縱ڵװٶҲ죬װþͲˡ
ǹ֡ŷ緫սнָӹҲûڣ֪Ҳûãװ˷ڵ
ڵλķŷ緫սнϹٱŵüԴʱȻмˮֱͨͨսˮС
䡭
䡭
ٴαǰҵսսļ룬쳹ؼ䣬ڶĴ̣˫սȫЮڣʲô
ֻٺɫ治ͣ˸ױеһ㣬Ũ˳źչĺ涼ȾɻҺɫš
һ̵ӣȫѪȺɱ¾ķΧ֡
ֻӾҰľһ㣬ƽĺϽԺ䣬ûһ˿ڣȭȭĻ˺
֣Եġŷ緫սнĩβ820ֵķ緫ⳡѪȶսУֻǸ۵Сɫ
Է緫սһ۸ŷ緫սн
40Ӻ緫ǰȫͣˡ
֣ŵͲԶǰʮսɱ¡¡ǹͺɱŨҵڸǣȫ巢ʲô
۶Ŀ⣬ܼҲġһӿʮǧϵľɱѾȫס
սϲȥǰս
ںٶȫͣͺһֵڻ˫սҪôںУҪôdzڰߣҪôһչ˸ӲпѪȵĽϰս
ͣЪһһǹźɱ͵ǹײһһĴ
ֹ˰Сʱ
ϵŨصƮɢ֣Բſһ˿ߡ
ʤˣǴʤ
ͷ5ؽ˺պսװ15Ӣ״ˣӽӵеһã˲ء
ġӺҷ緫սн˺ܺõֻҪûپˣڷ˴ĻϣһΡ
ͣ͵Ľӣ5ؽˮ
ΪⳡĺԾУ˼ķ緫ΦؽС
ڷͣ͵ʱȻܹһԡ
ȻٶɾҲԶ
ȥԺϱˮİһ𣬳ؽصĴװʿὢ嵽սļװչɱ
ǹͺɱһԵʡ
֣Ϊϲ
ʿѾռ˷ڶλġǹ֡ŷ緫սнսȻ˼ڴڴȻûܵ˺
һ1848꽨Φ緫սˮ3600֣ڼװ壬ž˹ٺʲˡ
ݵλͬˣټʹáŴЩݣҡǹ֡žǡǡá
Щ֣Բ⣬Ȼľʷ緫սˣʲô¶
ֻҪһ£Ȼһô
ϧս϶ˣΦ˶۶ˣļֵߣĺôǹš緫սнDz˷ѡ
ںҷơŷ緫սнҲǡ̩ɽŻصкĿ꣬۱ãȡսң֪ûļֵˣ
ЩУһDZ̩ɽŻصչ˵սһ۾ܿó
һѾ߳ˮеġţгˮУֻʣΦ˶˵ġţ϶ǡ̩ɽŷкĽĸҡ
̩ɽؼսһ֪ϧ׳̫ˣѱսƷȫˡ
֣õţʿռһһҷսϲɵ¶ơ˵ϲЦݡ
һۿȥ
мҴսϱȫװĻʿռ죬Ѿûʲôˡ
խĺӶûӡ
ٷڽ뱻15Ӣ״չ˵ķսһֺɥʧ˴ս
˱ֱըˮ֣εҲ١
͵ȫװĻˮƽϼװֿٶһЩֺʣµҲͶˡ
Ǻս
ûôױʱƵõķӣ͵
ս֣Աʾܿģ⣬ʵֿԴǿˡ
ȶСĿ꣬1סskjvvx;ֻĶַskjvvx