ϯӵĶߣͷԶĵطҵһƷר꣬ϵǣдǽĿعŸͺŵǹҲŹâӵ
ϢǣǽչʾЩǹDzõģҲĴԪȻ࣬СҲζŰȫһ˳٣ǽϵǹпܻΪǹϰԼĴǶжЩǹϵĹؼ
̨ŵģֻͨϯһ¾˹ҿˣҵһЩʼǰǹõӵǹѾˡ
еǹӵͺ⣬ǹҲСǹеصװΪڴǹСǹԸãʺϴаɱⷽܵıȽϡ
ϯڵתһȦʵĹ棬ΪҪϷǹڵݵijǹҪصķģֻҪҵ棬ȷԼĸݡ
ϯƲ⣬ӦڿôļݣҹɴŵƷеݾƷϸвͬϯմû˵ôط
һȦ֮ûҵʲôģҵȥֿţϯմһխֿͨĴ˾ʶ
ǰϯվ֪̰ɱˣɵĸߣпܣϯϻ㼼ܵ㣬㿪ܣǴ㿴ʲôDZߣûǵһЩ³صļܡ
ϯճǹ꣬Ƶ˷Ӻ棬ͿѾҿˣȥһϴһգµĺۼʵIJҲͼСʱ֮ǰ¡
Ϣǣ¿ȷȷʵҴˣϢǣҴǹͳӵҪǴˡ
뿪ǹеֿϯѡһĿǴõӣϾؿǸǮˣӦòס̫ȥļܲҵʲô
ڿĵطҲDzͽøһֵĽֵϣϯҵһɫС¥ΧĽ롣
֪Ժĵһ㲻Ὠ̫ߣΪڴһҪǵĻҪǮȫݱůҲִĹůʩ
ŷûм幩ůůͿյͿԭʼı¯ϯ֮ǰ߹ļӣֻһ㣬ͷֱһ¯
ϯվһⶰǽڱȱҲûб¯Ͷ϶˿϶ǮڴһĴڡ
Ŵʱִûбƻĺۼƺûбֹҷû뿪ӣΪǴڲϵġ
ˣ
ϯΪòţְһ壬ûκηӦһΧǽ˺˼ȥ
˭֪ոսӴΧǽʱǿźɫֳˣɼ춨1420춨ʧܣϯһ£ûȥ
治ˡϯյһ䣬˺ŴԺĴդʽģȻҲͷˣǺôء
ϯԱһ˼ҵĺԺҵһ̶Ұϸ˿˿صԣɼ춨1820ʧˡ
ϯһʱһڸ̰Ц
dzԽߵϯͷҲ̧˵ˣ̰ҵЦ
ǵģҸողŻԽ˵̰ڿЦȷ˵ֹвء
̰йȥģ
˵˶IJ²еʧȷʵҲǰ
ɲ£ӦɣӰôãΪ˽ӣ
ˣֻڲԸѡ
ôΧ۵ǶĿߣ֮ء·˭ţ
Ҳڣ˵Ϊṩרҵ֧Ԯ
ллҲš
ϯʧ֮һߺͳԽ˵һƵԺӵһ࣬ΪͣһųٷǽûʲôѶ˰ɣ
γԽûΪƺҲǾһҪDzһȥΧǽȷʵеˣϯպ˳Ժ
ԺҲdz࣬ûʲôۼҲˣⷿӵŶסլúܶ࣬û취Ŷ롣
ϯΧŷתһȦҲǸӦǿÿģȥ֮dzռ䲻Сһ˳սĿռ䡣
һ˹ˣⲣƵģƺԽжΪ˶飬жٲϯҪˡ
ϯϴڣܵؼС֪ڷˣ϶Ѿѵˡ
ܰûмкͽŲԷڲڷ
ϯڳѰһȦоȽõϢDZʳﱻϴһˣҴӱ˪µĺۼЩʳʱӦҲܳǰ졣
뿪֮˿װԱӺúܶ࣬ҲִеӺ죬װεҲ˸ָƯСܺ顣
ϯҵһȫҸȻԼȷ˵Ӧ̰ģôվұߵӦþؿˡ
Ǹİԣûʲôص㣬ߵŮԴһЩ˵üϯվӦdzԽ߸Լɵľ
Ҳ֪㸸ĸʲôӣԼļҲûУҾġԽ˵ҪðĻҸеܱǸ
ܿҵļ䣿
ܿһ֡Խ˵붷ĬϿһּȨޣΪ˱֯һЩŵĻþξһЩԱȽdzļ䣬ǿġ
Һ̰һģһô죿
ﲻġ
Ϊʲôֻԭࣿ
ԼҪġԽ߽͵ʵЩԵ֮⣬ҲԶԼòһЩҪԸ֡ɫ۾ɫ֮ؽҪϸڣҪԭòҾֻܸˡ
ϯյҲǺںһʾˣƬȫҸгŵԼĻ
Ȼ¥һֱ֮鷿ȥ鷿ҲˣǴģҿԱȽϼһЩ
ϯֳ1815ڳɹһΣ鷿űˡ
һ鷿ϯվо˲ͬΪŵȫһЩĹͼϷŵҲȫйصġ
ϯҵһδɵָ壬ͨһƬŵһȥ˵ţ緢ѪҺð˫۾
ؿ˶ǻߵĹ룬һֹС
ϯڷ˷ҵ˺üűȽϿֲĹϣҪ˵ģһΪˡĹؿ˶˺ܶ롣
ֻͼƬûʲô֮ģҲкü汾ȫһƺҲûʲôοۡ
ϯһijҵһֻֽֽдһ仰
һжǽ̻ƭ֡
ȶСĿ꣬1סskjvvx;ֻĶַskjvvx
ϢǣǽչʾЩǹDzõģҲĴԪȻ࣬СҲζŰȫһ˳٣ǽϵǹпܻΪǹϰԼĴǶжЩǹϵĹؼ
̨ŵģֻͨϯһ¾˹ҿˣҵһЩʼǰǹõӵǹѾˡ
еǹӵͺ⣬ǹҲСǹеصװΪڴǹСǹԸãʺϴаɱⷽܵıȽϡ
ϯڵתһȦʵĹ棬ΪҪϷǹڵݵijǹҪصķģֻҪҵ棬ȷԼĸݡ
ϯƲ⣬ӦڿôļݣҹɴŵƷеݾƷϸвͬϯմû˵ôط
һȦ֮ûҵʲôģҵȥֿţϯմһխֿͨĴ˾ʶ
ǰϯվ֪̰ɱˣɵĸߣпܣϯϻ㼼ܵ㣬㿪ܣǴ㿴ʲôDZߣûǵһЩ³صļܡ
ϯճǹ꣬Ƶ˷Ӻ棬ͿѾҿˣȥһϴһգµĺۼʵIJҲͼСʱ֮ǰ¡
Ϣǣ¿ȷȷʵҴˣϢǣҴǹͳӵҪǴˡ
뿪ǹеֿϯѡһĿǴõӣϾؿǸǮˣӦòס̫ȥļܲҵʲô
ڿĵطҲDzͽøһֵĽֵϣϯҵһɫС¥ΧĽ롣
֪Ժĵһ㲻Ὠ̫ߣΪڴһҪǵĻҪǮȫݱůҲִĹůʩ
ŷûм幩ůůͿյͿԭʼı¯ϯ֮ǰ߹ļӣֻһ㣬ͷֱһ¯
ϯվһⶰǽڱȱҲûб¯Ͷ϶˿϶ǮڴһĴڡ
Ŵʱִûбƻĺۼƺûбֹҷû뿪ӣΪǴڲϵġ
ˣ
ϯΪòţְһ壬ûκηӦһΧǽ˺˼ȥ
˭֪ոսӴΧǽʱǿźɫֳˣɼ춨1420춨ʧܣϯһ£ûȥ
治ˡϯյһ䣬˺ŴԺĴդʽģȻҲͷˣǺôء
ϯԱһ˼ҵĺԺҵһ̶Ұϸ˿˿صԣɼ춨1820ʧˡ
ϯһʱһڸ̰Ц
dzԽߵϯͷҲ̧˵ˣ̰ҵЦ
ǵģҸողŻԽ˵̰ڿЦȷ˵ֹвء
̰йȥģ
˵˶IJ²еʧȷʵҲǰ
ɲ£ӦɣӰôãΪ˽ӣ
ˣֻڲԸѡ
ôΧ۵ǶĿߣ֮ء·˭ţ
Ҳڣ˵Ϊṩרҵ֧Ԯ
ллҲš
ϯʧ֮һߺͳԽ˵һƵԺӵһ࣬ΪͣһųٷǽûʲôѶ˰ɣ
γԽûΪƺҲǾһҪDzһȥΧǽȷʵеˣϯպ˳Ժ
ԺҲdz࣬ûʲôۼҲˣⷿӵŶסլúܶ࣬û취Ŷ롣
ϯΧŷתһȦҲǸӦǿÿģȥ֮dzռ䲻Сһ˳սĿռ䡣
һ˹ˣⲣƵģƺԽжΪ˶飬жٲϯҪˡ
ϯϴڣܵؼС֪ڷˣ϶Ѿѵˡ
ܰûмкͽŲԷڲڷ
ϯڳѰһȦоȽõϢDZʳﱻϴһˣҴӱ˪µĺۼЩʳʱӦҲܳǰ졣
뿪֮˿װԱӺúܶ࣬ҲִеӺ죬װεҲ˸ָƯСܺ顣
ϯҵһȫҸȻԼȷ˵Ӧ̰ģôվұߵӦþؿˡ
Ǹİԣûʲôص㣬ߵŮԴһЩ˵üϯվӦdzԽ߸Լɵľ
Ҳ֪㸸ĸʲôӣԼļҲûУҾġԽ˵ҪðĻҸеܱǸ
ܿҵļ䣿
ܿһ֡Խ˵붷ĬϿһּȨޣΪ˱֯һЩŵĻþξһЩԱȽdzļ䣬ǿġ
Һ̰һģһô죿
ﲻġ
Ϊʲôֻԭࣿ
ԼҪġԽ߽͵ʵЩԵ֮⣬ҲԶԼòһЩҪԸ֡ɫ۾ɫ֮ؽҪϸڣҪԭòҾֻܸˡ
ϯյҲǺںһʾˣƬȫҸгŵԼĻ
Ȼ¥һֱ֮鷿ȥ鷿ҲˣǴģҿԱȽϼһЩ
ϯֳ1815ڳɹһΣ鷿űˡ
һ鷿ϯվо˲ͬΪŵȫһЩĹͼϷŵҲȫйصġ
ϯҵһδɵָ壬ͨһƬŵһȥ˵ţ緢ѪҺð˫۾
ؿ˶ǻߵĹ룬һֹС
ϯڷ˷ҵ˺üűȽϿֲĹϣҪ˵ģһΪˡĹؿ˶˺ܶ롣
ֻͼƬûʲô֮ģҲкü汾ȫһƺҲûʲôοۡ
ϯһijҵһֻֽֽдһ仰
һжǽ̻ƭ֡
ȶСĿ꣬1סskjvvx;ֻĶַskjvvx