Щţܿ죬ôĺţӣԭİֹͣˣһͷţսᣬȻʼƤ
ﲻæٴȥȺɽߴˮԴ
ɽָָȻ˳ʵ
ɶ
ȿʱӸӣˮͷˣҪٵȥˮˡ
˵ĻñͰϪȤʵ
ôĹ𣿡
ûУԽӡȻһ¹ӵֱ˵ӲϹһȦʮ׳ʱ£ӿڵĵطڸӣϾˣˮҲ¡
ԭҶͷţܳ⣬ôһ˵ҶʼˮܣҪˮܣôˡ
֮Ÿȥɽָĵط뿴ˮ㲻㡣
߸ţƤһҲ£һ߰ƤһϹӵӡ
Ҳɽľɽ´һЩȻûôֵӲϹӣĵпˡ
ţƺȹľDZҪһЩҪһЩܽʮʮӡ
Ϫľͷһĸˮӣˮ²ӦͬһˮԴֻӲͬķˮѡ
ϾһɽʯʣѷǺġ
˿ĸˮͳһˮȻˮӿھɽͿˮԴԴϵɽĶ
ˮСˮһЩֻҪãƼDzõˮġ
ٹЩ꣬ΪȵҪĻӣˮˮλ½ʱû취ˡ
Ȼ硣
ȷλã뿪ʱͻȻоһΣվڲԶ
̰ѹϸĹ۲ܡ
ʮʯͷ̨ϣһͷ͵͵
ϰԵͷһˣûǹ
ŹӦûɶΣգǹijû
ͷƺҲǵһˣȻʯ̨̽˹
٣
ԼӰ
ˣ
һʯͷͳ˹ȥ
ݵĶȻѹͲһʯͷӶʯͷͷ쳣DZѹû뵽ԷȻˮߵʯͷԼܣ
ءDZ£۵ļβתܣ
ɲܱͨȵģһʯͷȥҪʵˣȶҶϣ
ǰܵˣЩźԼǹĻͷǿ¾ͳԼǹˡ
Ǻǹ˹û£ɽʵ
ôˣ
ҿˮԴʱһͷǡһ£ϧûǹ
ɽѩܴҰɽܣɽЩǵ⼸϶ȺҵȦ
ɽһˣһЩӵҸ֪⣬ʱҷһ£Ұɲ
ɽͷʾ֪ˡ
һǰֺţƤѾţѾʿȡ
ɽõжһȣӵijϴӣҲࡣ
òãҼġҪܾȴɽֹˣɭDzܾǼӴҲܾ⣡
ðɣ˵ˡ
һһٶţȣкţࡣһͷҲеˮϴӶûװ¡
ҲرĶ࣬;װ˴ӡ
̫ˣ
ѾϣţͻţӣŹţһͦ
Ȼ⣬ʾһپĽȱһǽⲻ˲ġ
һɽȥʱѾǹ˼ͷͷǣͽſڵצӡףľIJȫҰǣĴɽˡ
һͨҰ˵Ĺһֱľݣûʲô·
ɽָЩƤӡϰȥҲûϸ̫һӸߣƤӰЩˮҲŽȻسǡ
ľװĿɲֹƤӣ¹ͷ¹ӵĽǡ
ȰЩȻȥţˮ
ѻţˮǰȥӵȻҪͨǰģԼҲ֪ûǸʸñɳӵ
Ƥһź²ӵӦôԴϣһŶƤDzˡ
һŴ¹ƤӦһͷ¹ģƤӼռijӻࡣ
ƤҲ벻֪¹˭ģǹͦ
һƤӡ
һӾ͵ɴ۾
ƤͬСûǹ¹ƤëͦɫĵëһһĺɫƣŸоһ
ôǴèƤɣ
һ֪бǴӶƵ˿գ˵ٷ1916ˣӶʮͳһֱʮһͳɽϱصԳĿϻټ
һľǰ濴ǸӰҲÿϻֻ̫Զˣɶ֤Ҳûѹû˵
Լ֪ˡ
ֻû뵽ڹľɽƤȻϻƤ
϶ϻƤ
˵ͷֵģƤӲûͷֻӵƤƤкüӦöǹۡ
벻ľǾȻϻܴͨ
е㳬֮ˡ
ŻƤ̾Ҫȥʹľɽϻġ
ϾϻֵǮĿɲƤӣйͷ
Ĺͷãοϻģ
ôˣҲûˣãȻɡ
ӵŪȥҹľǡ
ʣµƤӶװϣţͻͻͻɽȥ
سǵʱѾˡ
ԺſڣϼѾѴŴ㡢һȴߣȻԺӡ
ôôģϼʵ
е¡ɽﶬˣǸһЩˮҰ¡ͺ棬ûỢƤ顣
ԺŹϣûȥжĶֱӽݡ
¶ʮ߰˶ңԺѩĺܸɾЩڳǰȫġ
DzǸԺèˡèĻСDzǾеΣգ
֮ɡ
ϼѾԹ㻹Ǻܿһ㿴ֻҪ⣬ľر
ʱҲرĺöԸҨһ״Ġ]ͣʱŽζͷdz
е̲˿ŵɲˣζͳˡ
˳ͺȥ᷿ˣֻϼ
ɽһͷţǺţ̫ˣһͷһˡһ߳һ߱Ȼţ
ɽҴһȣұҪˣҪãҾˡ
ǺţˮͰ̫ͣˣijӿװˡ˵ţһⶼԲꡣ
ϼڱţЦ
ˮԴʱһͷǣǿһ˻Ϯңʯͷܵˡ꣬ͷѾҲȸɣȻȥϴ룬ϼ˹
ʰһԡ
ûʱҶǺ㡢һӵġͨһȻȥдҵˡϼ·˵㲻ڵʱһ𣬸оͦõġ
ţҸ˵顣·ϼ߿ӱС˵ûƤһŻƤ
ɶϼһģ
ɽǴġ˵һûϸʡ
ȥŪЩӵɽúʣû뵽ɽﾹȻϻһʻҲ֪ڲڡ
ϼҲǷdz棬䣬ȥƤɶӵˡ
ϼһ߿һɽһûһĻشšµĵôȤܿʹ˯
ϼɴһ˯ȥˡ
ڵĸڣҵѾдˣ㣺
ɽоǰһˡ
զһڷ·һ߷һʵ
һѪζˡ
dzϷ⣬ɽɱɶҰġ֪ʱʱĻɽҰ⣬Ե⡣
ӹã춼ܳ⡣Ľ˵
ǰϼʱȻҲ⣬Ҳһ٣Եľͺͨ
Ϊ˹ϼӪͺ÷⡣
Ժߠ]Ҳ࣬ϼҲ㳴˵ʱҪСһεĺӪ
ʱӪΪ
ǵٹ꣬˽ĤָΪ˲ӪԳ泴Ϊʱ泴ҲܳԵġ
ˣôˣúõѧϰɣԺҸɲҲ⡣һ߷·һ˵
ҸɲҲһ۳Եĺá䲻ѣб£ӹúá˾Ϳʣû취⡣
ʵЩλɲ˵ĹʱڵصҪһЩţIJҲڵظһЩ
ʹˣЩɲҲٶٳ⡣
㿴˺һۣԥDzǵŮһ˼룬ϼDZԼɷĵַԼչϼӺҪȥɷġ
ı뷨ӦġϼҺ̫ˡ
鸴ӣϼҲĵַɷټ㲻Լûȥһˡ
ڶ죬ʱѾˡ
е㸯ܰɣ
ϼϴʱѾ꣬кҴѧȥˡ
㿴Ŀд塣ţҲֻˣϹϼɡ
ղʱĹ˵dzһţȣкö⣬Ƥӣȵȡ
˵ȥɽջܷḻ
ӵúܺãDZ°
Թ緹Ƥ¹ǵȰ˶᷿ţȺͺţˮͷڳʰȻȥ˹硣
ǸԼҪţȣе㷢
治Ū
Ȼֽɡ
ҸŰɡô⣬ñ˵õǿ϶Ǹ˻ˡ
˹Ժͣú³ȥǰ
Щǣǰڡ˲ɹɵˣ˵ȥˡ
ЩʧǰڣԼܲ쵽ӵ
ҵһԣȥ˱ɡ
ٷӵɳЩ⣬ǰôˣ
ɽѩҰɽܣǶһȺһȺġҲֻ˵ʵû취Ϊ˱ţ
Уȥκοӡɳͷ߸ӵ
κڰ칫ͦˡ
ɽʣκκݺݵıһʲôѡ
ûӵ˵˳
ٷǰɣκʵ
ˡûDZҪ̫ΪãӺķΧСˣһЩ
УҸдӣȥɡκ˵
룬Dzǵ˻κδƤ쵼ԼãܲϿְɡ
ƤȻֵǮžͺбƸ
ôˡ
PS컹ֻһ¡Ӵ룬ôˡҰ죬ϻûô˯컹ҪȥҽԺסӦָܻпһ£̫û治Уס
ȶСĿ꣬1סskjvvx;ֻĶַskjvvx
ﲻæٴȥȺɽߴˮԴ
ɽָָȻ˳ʵ
ɶ
ȿʱӸӣˮͷˣҪٵȥˮˡ
˵ĻñͰϪȤʵ
ôĹ𣿡
ûУԽӡȻһ¹ӵֱ˵ӲϹһȦʮ׳ʱ£ӿڵĵطڸӣϾˣˮҲ¡
ԭҶͷţܳ⣬ôһ˵ҶʼˮܣҪˮܣôˡ
֮Ÿȥɽָĵط뿴ˮ㲻㡣
߸ţƤһҲ£һ߰ƤһϹӵӡ
Ҳɽľɽ´һЩȻûôֵӲϹӣĵпˡ
ţƺȹľDZҪһЩҪһЩܽʮʮӡ
Ϫľͷһĸˮӣˮ²ӦͬһˮԴֻӲͬķˮѡ
ϾһɽʯʣѷǺġ
˿ĸˮͳһˮȻˮӿھɽͿˮԴԴϵɽĶ
ˮСˮһЩֻҪãƼDzõˮġ
ٹЩ꣬ΪȵҪĻӣˮˮλ½ʱû취ˡ
Ȼ硣
ȷλã뿪ʱͻȻоһΣվڲԶ
̰ѹϸĹ۲ܡ
ʮʯͷ̨ϣһͷ͵͵
ϰԵͷһˣûǹ
ŹӦûɶΣգǹijû
ͷƺҲǵһˣȻʯ̨̽˹
٣
ԼӰ
ˣ
һʯͷͳ˹ȥ
ݵĶȻѹͲһʯͷӶʯͷͷ쳣DZѹû뵽ԷȻˮߵʯͷԼܣ
ءDZ£۵ļβתܣ
ɲܱͨȵģһʯͷȥҪʵˣȶҶϣ
ǰܵˣЩźԼǹĻͷǿ¾ͳԼǹˡ
Ǻǹ˹û£ɽʵ
ôˣ
ҿˮԴʱһͷǡһ£ϧûǹ
ɽѩܴҰɽܣɽЩǵ⼸϶ȺҵȦ
ɽһˣһЩӵҸ֪⣬ʱҷһ£Ұɲ
ɽͷʾ֪ˡ
һǰֺţƤѾţѾʿȡ
ɽõжһȣӵijϴӣҲࡣ
òãҼġҪܾȴɽֹˣɭDzܾǼӴҲܾ⣡
ðɣ˵ˡ
һһٶţȣкţࡣһͷҲеˮϴӶûװ¡
ҲرĶ࣬;װ˴ӡ
̫ˣ
ѾϣţͻţӣŹţһͦ
Ȼ⣬ʾһپĽȱһǽⲻ˲ġ
һɽȥʱѾǹ˼ͷͷǣͽſڵצӡףľIJȫҰǣĴɽˡ
һͨҰ˵Ĺһֱľݣûʲô·
ɽָЩƤӡϰȥҲûϸ̫һӸߣƤӰЩˮҲŽȻسǡ
ľװĿɲֹƤӣ¹ͷ¹ӵĽǡ
ȰЩȻȥţˮ
ѻţˮǰȥӵȻҪͨǰģԼҲ֪ûǸʸñɳӵ
Ƥһź²ӵӦôԴϣһŶƤDzˡ
һŴ¹ƤӦһͷ¹ģƤӼռijӻࡣ
ƤҲ벻֪¹˭ģǹͦ
һƤӡ
һӾ͵ɴ۾
ƤͬСûǹ¹ƤëͦɫĵëһһĺɫƣŸоһ
ôǴèƤɣ
һ֪бǴӶƵ˿գ˵ٷ1916ˣӶʮͳһֱʮһͳɽϱصԳĿϻټ
һľǰ濴ǸӰҲÿϻֻ̫Զˣɶ֤Ҳûѹû˵
Լ֪ˡ
ֻû뵽ڹľɽƤȻϻƤ
϶ϻƤ
˵ͷֵģƤӲûͷֻӵƤƤкüӦöǹۡ
벻ľǾȻϻܴͨ
е㳬֮ˡ
ŻƤ̾Ҫȥʹľɽϻġ
ϾϻֵǮĿɲƤӣйͷ
Ĺͷãοϻģ
ôˣҲûˣãȻɡ
ӵŪȥҹľǡ
ʣµƤӶװϣţͻͻͻɽȥ
سǵʱѾˡ
ԺſڣϼѾѴŴ㡢һȴߣȻԺӡ
ôôģϼʵ
е¡ɽﶬˣǸһЩˮҰ¡ͺ棬ûỢƤ顣
ԺŹϣûȥжĶֱӽݡ
¶ʮ߰˶ңԺѩĺܸɾЩڳǰȫġ
DzǸԺèˡèĻСDzǾеΣգ
֮ɡ
ϼѾԹ㻹Ǻܿһ㿴ֻҪ⣬ľر
ʱҲرĺöԸҨһ״Ġ]ͣʱŽζͷdz
е̲˿ŵɲˣζͳˡ
˳ͺȥ᷿ˣֻϼ
ɽһͷţǺţ̫ˣһͷһˡһ߳һ߱Ȼţ
ɽҴһȣұҪˣҪãҾˡ
ǺţˮͰ̫ͣˣijӿװˡ˵ţһⶼԲꡣ
ϼڱţЦ
ˮԴʱһͷǣǿһ˻Ϯңʯͷܵˡ꣬ͷѾҲȸɣȻȥϴ룬ϼ˹
ʰһԡ
ûʱҶǺ㡢һӵġͨһȻȥдҵˡϼ·˵㲻ڵʱһ𣬸оͦõġ
ţҸ˵顣·ϼ߿ӱС˵ûƤһŻƤ
ɶϼһģ
ɽǴġ˵һûϸʡ
ȥŪЩӵɽúʣû뵽ɽﾹȻϻһʻҲ֪ڲڡ
ϼҲǷdz棬䣬ȥƤɶӵˡ
ϼһ߿һɽһûһĻشšµĵôȤܿʹ˯
ϼɴһ˯ȥˡ
ڵĸڣҵѾдˣ㣺
ɽоǰһˡ
զһڷ·һ߷һʵ
һѪζˡ
dzϷ⣬ɽɱɶҰġ֪ʱʱĻɽҰ⣬Ե⡣
ӹã춼ܳ⡣Ľ˵
ǰϼʱȻҲ⣬Ҳһ٣Եľͺͨ
Ϊ˹ϼӪͺ÷⡣
Ժߠ]Ҳ࣬ϼҲ㳴˵ʱҪСһεĺӪ
ʱӪΪ
ǵٹ꣬˽ĤָΪ˲ӪԳ泴Ϊʱ泴ҲܳԵġ
ˣôˣúõѧϰɣԺҸɲҲ⡣һ߷·һ˵
ҸɲҲһ۳Եĺá䲻ѣб£ӹúá˾Ϳʣû취⡣
ʵЩλɲ˵ĹʱڵصҪһЩţIJҲڵظһЩ
ʹˣЩɲҲٶٳ⡣
㿴˺һۣԥDzǵŮһ˼룬ϼDZԼɷĵַԼչϼӺҪȥɷġ
ı뷨ӦġϼҺ̫ˡ
鸴ӣϼҲĵַɷټ㲻Լûȥһˡ
ڶ죬ʱѾˡ
е㸯ܰɣ
ϼϴʱѾ꣬кҴѧȥˡ
㿴Ŀд塣ţҲֻˣϹϼɡ
ղʱĹ˵dzһţȣкö⣬Ƥӣȵȡ
˵ȥɽջܷḻ
ӵúܺãDZ°
Թ緹Ƥ¹ǵȰ˶᷿ţȺͺţˮͷڳʰȻȥ˹硣
ǸԼҪţȣе㷢
治Ū
Ȼֽɡ
ҸŰɡô⣬ñ˵õǿ϶Ǹ˻ˡ
˹Ժͣú³ȥǰ
Щǣǰڡ˲ɹɵˣ˵ȥˡ
ЩʧǰڣԼܲ쵽ӵ
ҵһԣȥ˱ɡ
ٷӵɳЩ⣬ǰôˣ
ɽѩҰɽܣǶһȺһȺġҲֻ˵ʵû취Ϊ˱ţ
Уȥκοӡɳͷ߸ӵ
κڰ칫ͦˡ
ɽʣκκݺݵıһʲôѡ
ûӵ˵˳
ٷǰɣκʵ
ˡûDZҪ̫ΪãӺķΧСˣһЩ
УҸдӣȥɡκ˵
룬Dzǵ˻κδƤ쵼ԼãܲϿְɡ
ƤȻֵǮžͺбƸ
ôˡ
PS컹ֻһ¡Ӵ룬ôˡҰ죬ϻûô˯컹ҪȥҽԺסӦָܻпһ£̫û治Уס
ȶСĿ꣬1סskjvvx;ֻĶַskjvvx